Mental Illness Is Nothing But Brain Illness - 1466 Words

Mental Illness is Nothing But Brain Illness Is there anything more frustrating than finding out that scientific theories that were considered great ideas back then if applied to today’s world should be tossed away? These theories are not a secret and I can go on and on; but similar to these scientific theories, there is a theory about the mental illness are brain illnesses. This is not true because a mental illness is referred to as â€Å"a wide range of mental health conditions that affects your mood, thinking and behavior† (mayo clinic). In a recent edge article, Mental Illness is Nothing but Brain Illness†, which is written by Ian Gold and Joel Gold argue that mental illness and brain illness are two different things. For example, if we have a brain illness, it is only associated with the brain. In order to treat that brain illness, we just have to fix the damage done to the brain because the cause relies in the brain. On other hand, if we have a mental illnes s, it effects the brain; but it makes â€Å"references to the world outside the brain† (Gold). In order to understand and treat a mental illness, we have to â€Å"sometimes move outside the skull† because there are several causes (Gold). I agree with the writer that so much research is done on the brain, but none of it yet can help the mental illness’s patients. So, if we stop associating mental illness as brain illness and research on the main causes, we can prevent some people from getting a mental illness at all. ThisShow MoreRelatedMental Illness Is Nothing But Brain Illness938 Words   |  4 Pagescause of mental illness is our environment. Several environmental components can increase our chances of getting a mental illness. Factors like feeling low in self esteem or anxiety, living in poverty, death or divorce in the family, social or cultural expectations can deeply affect or shape our risks of getting a mental illness. In the article â€Å"mental illn ess is nothing but brain illness†, Ian Gold mentions about this unique disease called schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a â€Å"psychiatric brain diseaseRead MoreAttention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder1398 Words   |  6 Pagesoverlook some of the mental issues in our peers among us, especially in some school systems. At least 20 percent of youth ages 13 through 18 live with mental illnesses today. A mental illness can be defined as a dysfunction of the brain that causes mild to severe disturbances in thought or behavior, resulting in an inability to coupe with life’s ordinary demands and routines. Overall there are more than 200 classified forms of mental illness. There are some types of mental illness that are more commonRead MoreMental Illness781 Words   |  4 Pageshead: MENTAL ILLNESS Mental Illness Natalie Maxwell March 8, 2010 Each year, almost 44 million Americans experience a mental disorder. In fact, mental illnesses are among the most common conditions affecting health today. The good news is that most people who have mental illnesses, even serious ones, can lead productive lives with proper treatment (www.yahoo.com). Mental illnesses are some of the most misunderstand afflictions in today’s society. Too many people think of mental illnessRead MoreAnalysis Of Danny Torrance s The Night 1311 Words   |  6 PagesGrohol, Psy.D.,   head trauma at an early age can be the beginning of mental illness and can initiate psychological issues in the future. â€Å"Psychiatric issues, including hallucinations and delusions, are certainly more common after traumatic brain injury.† (Brian D. Greenwald, MD.) Some may call Danny’s odd encounters with his imaginary friend Tony and the visions he sees about the Overlook Hotel â€Å"supernatural†. However, because brain injury commonly causes hallucinations, it is clear that Danny’s encountersRead MoreThe Media s Influence On Public Perception Essay1272 Words   |  6 Pagesbeliefs stem from the media and how Hollywood portrays fictional characters with mental illnesses. At which point there seems to be a common misunders tanding towards individuals suffering from a mental illness. When it comes to people suffering with mental health, doctors, schools, and everything in between seem to have either a positive or negative outlook on the subject. The stereotypes and misinformation of mental illnesses can lead to a delay in seeking medical help. The media’s influence on publicRead MoreThe Stigma Of Mental Illness1042 Words   |  5 Pagesstigma around mental illness. This judgement we have towards people with mental illness is what keeps some of them from seeking the help they need. The stigma isn’t just from those without mental illness though. People with mental illness often have their own stigmas as well. We need to come together and show men and women with mental illness that it is nothing to be ashamed of. In fact, mental illness can be overcome and improved. One in five adults in America experienced a mental health issue inRead MoreThe Inclusion Of Education On Mental Illness1461 Words   |  6 PagesArguing For the Inclusion of Education on Mental Illness Mental illness affects millions of people around the world. What is surprising, however, is the lack of public information and education about mental illness. With the amount of undiagnosed mental illnesses and disorders as well as the number of suicide attempts that occur daily, it should become a priority for the education system to introduce public classes on mental illness for not just adults or teens but for younger children as well. EducatingRead MoreDepression: Facts vs. False1172 Words   |  5 Pagesas an illness, it affects men and women, young and old, black and white, both mentally and physically. Many believe that depression is simply a creative choice one’s mind, but mental and physical depression is a true debilitating condition. By dictionary definition, depression is a severe despondency and dejection, typically felt over a period of time and accompanied by feelings of hopelessness and inadequacy. In terms of science, depression is explained as a chemical unbalance of one’s brain. ThisRead MoreMental Illness Is A Social Problem1501 Words   |  7 PagesMental illness is a health condition that affects an individual’s moods and thinking in a way that changes how that person relates to other people in society. The functioning of the affected person is also altered and usually results in the person failing to perform some of the daily activities that the person has previously engaged in. Mental illness can be considered a combination of both social and health complications, affecting the social life of the people who fall victim in many ways (ElliottRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Bipolar Disorder1472 Words   |  6 Pagesdepressive phase. It is a brain disorder where you never know which o ne is going to show up for other people to deal with for the day, or maybe even weeks. Bipolar is a serious condition that can be harmful to the person who is dealing with the brain disorder, but as well as, for those people who are involved in the person’s life. It is very hard to diagnose someone with a bipolar, but what is a bipolar disorder? â€Å"Bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depressive illness, is a brain disorder that causes

Fetal Abnormality Case Study Essay - 852 Words

Fetal Abnormality Case Study The advancement of medical technology has made it possible to detect medical abnormalities while a child is still a fetus and can create difficult choices for parents to make if severe anomalies are discovered. There are many theories regarding the moral status of the fetus that can be applied when deciding how to proceed if these abnormalities are detected. In the fetal abnormality case study, Jessica, Marco, Maria, and Dr. Wilson each have varying opinions on what course of action to take based on these different theories of moral status. Jessica is torn between her desire to be financially independent and her belief that all life has value. Her belief is what Sebo (n.d.) describes as moral status based on†¦show more content†¦Maria is absolutely opposed to any mention of termination. She views the moral status of the fetus based on Jessicas responsibility as a mother, or the theory of moral agency based on relationships (GCU, 2015). This theor y states that a person must not interfere with another person or must respect their rights because they have a relationship with them (GCU, 2015; Jaworska Tannenbaum, 2013). For example, the relationship between a parent and their child, or in this case their fetus, provides a particularly strong case for a parent not to kill their child or abort their fetus (Jaworska Tannenbaum, 2013). Aside from the relationship of Jessica and her fetus which may prevent her from terminating, this theory is also applicable in this case to Marco and Jessica, as he is going to support any decision that she makes based on their relationship. It can also be applied to the physician-patient relationship, so Dr. Wilson must respect Jessicas and Marcos rights as parents and their choice because of their relationship. Because moral status has to do with which beings have value or rights, I tend to agree with the theory of sentience. I believe that animals do have rights, especially in terms of biomedica l ethics and research. I may, however, seem hypocritical in this belief because I am not a vegetarian. But in this case, based on this theory I would be likely to terminate the pregnancy at this early stage due to the severe disability and likelihood forShow MoreRelatedHlt 310v Week 2 Case Study on Moral Status1425 Words   |  6 PagesHLT 310V WEEK 2 CASE STUDY ON MORAL STATUS To purchase this tutorial visit here: http://wiseamerican.us/product/hlt-310v-week-2-case-study-moral-status/ contact us at: SUPPORT@WISEAMERICAN.US Max Points: 80 Details: Write a 250-500 word analysis of â€Å"Case Study: Fetal Abnormality.† Be sure to address the following questions: 1. Which theory or theories are being used by Jessica, Marco, Maria, and Dr. Wilson to determine the moral status of the fetus? Explain. 2. How does the theory determineRead MoreCommon Prenatal Congenital Heart Disease Essay1279 Words   |  6 Pagesrarely seen in typical TOF cases . In the typical form of TOF the fetal echocardiography is often characterized by a normal four-chamber view, a subaortic Ventricular septal defect (VSD), Dilated over riding of aorta seen in a LVOT view, Pulmonary stenosis and an increased Aorta/Pulmonary artery ratio, minimal antegrade flow in the main pulmonary artery and the aortic flow originated from right and left ventricle. All pregnant women with low risk factors , suspected fetal cardiac anomalies and withRead MoreThe Disorder Of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome1018 Words   |  5 Pages Deidra Thomas Virginia College Montgomery -Nursing Program 5/20/2017 Professor Deandrala Huffman Nursing 2310 Pediatric Nursing Abstract [The purpose of this paper is to explain the the disorder Fetal Alcohol Syndrome .This paper will aim to discuss what the disorder is ,it s history how it is diagnosed and the treatment and prevention of this disorder. Taking a sip a int hip Introduction :Behold, thou shalt conceiveRead MoreClinical Trials And Observational Studies1350 Words   |  6 PagesThe efficacy of ACE-I has been widely evaluated in clinical trials and observational studies. In 1983, Captopril multicenter research group investigated the efficacy of Captopril in a 92 cohort with heart failure refractory to digitalis and diuretic therapy. In this randomized, double blind trial, 50 patients were assigned to Captopril and 42 were assigned to placebo group. Over 2-week dosage titration and 10-week evaluation period, the Captopril group revealed improvement in exercise tolerance andRead MoreFetal Alcohol Syndrome1466 Words   |  6 PagesFetal Alcohol Syndrome â€Å"If women didn’t drink anymore during pregnancy, there would never be another baby born with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or Fetal Alcohol Effect† (McCuen 33). This is a very powerful statement. It is also a very simple cure for an alarmingly high birth defect that all women have the power to stop. â€Å"Every year more than 40,000 American children are born with defects because their mother drank alcohol while pregnant â€Å" (McCuen 34). That is 1 to 3 per 1,000 live birthsRead MoreEffects Of The On Fetal Alcohol Syndrome1206 Words   |  5 Pagesincrease in alcohol intake. During this period, fetal and infant death rates were at it highest [1]. The medical society did not believe consumption of alcohol was the cause of the high rise in birth defects at the time. With the repeal of the prohibition on alcohol in 1933, doctors believed it had beneficial effects to the point of intravenous treatments with alcohol were used to delay preterm labor. In the 1950s to 1960s, there was another rise in fetal birth defects called the â€Å"thalidomide scare†Read More Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Essay1409 Words   |  6 Pages Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) was found, named and treated in the late 1960’s. The term â€Å"Fetal Alcohol Syndrome† is used to describe a lifelong set of physical, mental and neurobehavioral birth defects associated with alcohol consumption during pregnancy. Most women are not aware of the many complications that can occur during pregnancy. Many pregnant women continue drinking right throughout their pregnancy, ignoring the fact that they could damage, and pose problemsRead MoreFetal Alcohol Syndrome And Its Effects1712 Words   |  7 Pages Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and its Effects On a Child’s Cognitive Development Dane D. Hrencher Kansas State University Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and its Effects On a Child’s Cognitive Development Alcohol is known as one the most dangerous teratogens. Every time a pregnant woman drinks, she allows alcohol to enter her blood stream and make its way into the placenta. Unlike the mother, the fetus is unable to break down alcohol that makes the blood alcohol level of the fetus the same orRead MoreDetection of Heart Defects with Fetal Echocardiography1515 Words   |  6 PagesFetal echocardiography is indicated in high risk pregnancies where the chances of fetus having a congenital heart disease (CHD) are likely to be high - for exapmle, in a fetus with extracardiac anomalies picked up on obstetric ultrasound, those with a history of CHD in family, maternal diabetes and maternal connective tissue disorder (Srinivasan,2000). Congenital heart defects are abnormalities in the hearts structure that are present at birth. They are the most common congenital malformationsRead MoreEssay On Biotechnology1520 Words   |  7 Pagesfor the investigation and in-depth sequencing of the human genome particularly for the study of biological markers, translational research and genotyping. Upon discovery of cell-free DNA in maternal plasma, implementation of Non-invasive Prenatal Testing, or NIFTY/NIPT, has been actively performed throughout the globe to test for fetal chromosomal abnormalities, particularly Down’s syndrome. Detection rates of fetal aneuploidies can be done in the first and/or second trimester – as early as 4 weeks

American Way Free Essays

string(83) " to another school where the latter succeeded in writing but failed in arithmetic\." The present term paper will compare the life struggles of the two totally different American historical figures – Frederick Douglass (1818 – 1895) and Benjamin Franklin (1706 – 1790). Although the were dissimilar in regard to their social backgrounds and characters, both of them praised knowledge as the most valid source of power, and were perseverant in their strivings for self-education. We will write a custom essay sample on American Way or any similar topic only for you Order Now Both successfully tried their hand in writing. The comparison of Douglass’ and Franklin’s lives will be supported by the quotes from their autobiographies. Before proceeding to the analysis part, it makes sense to overview the contributions which each of the men made to the United States history. Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey, more widely known as Frederick Douglass, was born a slave. He managed to cast off that yoke only at the age of twenty when he arranged false identification papers to take a long journey from Maryland to New York. Upon joining various abolitionist organizations in Massachusetts, Douglass had been delivering lectures on anti-slavery across the Eastern and Midwestern states as well as across the ocean from 1841 till 1846. In the late 1840s, he became active as a publisher. Acknowledging the Emancipation Proclamation (announced by President Lincoln in 1862) to be one of the most prominent documents in the American history since it declared the liberation of black slaves, the prominent abolitionist fought for granting equal rights to all American citizens regardless of sex and ethnicity. Benjamin Franklin acquired prominence as a writer, politician and scientist. Being born in a rather poor large family, he managed to make money on newspaper editing, printing, and commerce in Philadelphia. Franklin founded the first public lending library, fire department, and political discussion club in the United States. He refined the theory of electricity and invented many important utensils and instruments (i. e. the lightning rod, bifocals, the iron furnace stove, a carriage odometer, etc. ). He grew popular as a politician and civic leader after publicly speaking against the Stamp Act. During the American Revolution, Franklin, the diplomat, managed to chaffer military and financial aid from France. In his later period of life he supported the ideas of abolitionism. To return back to the comparison of Douglass’ and Franklin’s views on the importance of knowledge and education, both were never tired of improving their cognitive skills. Despite totally different social backgrounds, Douglass being a born slave, and Franklin, being the youngest son in the family of a tallow chandler of a British ancestry, were similarly deprived of the regular schooling. The wife of one of Douglass’ masters, Sophia Auld, started teaching Frederick the alphabet and elementary spelling. The woman unintentionally broke the law which forbade educating slaves. In his autobiography â€Å"Narrative of a Life,† Douglass reconstructed the speech of Sophia’s husband who raised his voice against literacy for slaves: If you give a nigger an inch, he will take an ell. A nigger should know nothing but to obey his master — to do as he is told to do. Learning would SPOIL the best nigger in the world. Now †¦ if you teach that nigger †¦ how to read, there would be no keeping him. It would forever unfit him to be a slave. He would at once become unmanageable, and of no value to his master. As to himself, it could do him no good, but a great deal of harm. It would make him discontented and unhappy. (Douglass 36) Although in a racist and humiliating form, the slave master emphasized the great role of knowledge and education for a human being. Having learnt to put letters into words, Frederick understood how right his master was concerning the importance of studies: It was a new and special revelation, explaining dark and mysterious things, with which my youthful understanding had struggled, but struggled in vain. I now understood what had been to me a most perplexing difficulty — to wit, the white man’s power to enslave the black man. It was a grand achievement, and I prized it highly. From that moment, I understood the pathway from slavery to freedom. It was just what I wanted, and I got it at a time when I the least expected it. (Douglass 36) These thoughts of the famous abolitionist prove that literacy could expand mental horizons of Afro-Americans so that they were able to trace inequity in social life of the United States in the early 19th century. There colored people were degraded to the position of hard-laboring and powerless beasts. A talented boy had to continue his studies in secrecy, opposing to his masters’ intention of â€Å"shutting [him] up in mental darkness† (Douglass 36). Being sent on errands, Frederick used every opportunity to learn letters from the white poor boys in the neighborhoods. The young slave enjoyed reading because it â€Å"gave tongue to interesting thoughts of [his] own soul, which had frequently flashed through [his] mind, and died away for want of utterance† (Douglass 42). This happened when Frederick managed to read one of Sheridan’s speeches which inspired him to think over the nature of truth and its impact on conscience. Possessing a sharp wit, Douglass learnt to write as he watched the ship carpenters marking timbers. He also copied the Italics in Webster’s Spelling Book and finally succeeded in producing the letters correctly without peeping into the copy-book. Frederick dared even to take the copy-books of his masters’ son to practice in handwriting. One would admire the strong will and courage of the young slave who progressed in learning at the risk of being severely punished. Franklin’s path of education started in a less secret way. His father hoped that his son would make a career of a clergyman and sent the boy to the grammar-school at the age of eight. Benjamin showed a quick progress in learning so that he managed to jump from the first to the third class within one year. However, the senior Franklin found the cost of studying at that educational establishment too high and placed his son to another school where the latter succeeded in writing but failed in arithmetic. You read "American Way" in category "Papers" At ten Ben was taken home to assist his father in candle business. As Franklin recollected, he used to have â€Å"a thirst for knowledge† (14) and used every opportunity to expand his father’s small library by buying new books. He mentioned Plutarch’s â€Å"Lives,† Defoe’s â€Å"Essay on Projects,† and Dr. Mather’s â€Å"Essays to do Good† as the books which influenced his mind in the earlier period. The boy continued his self-education when he was made a printer’s apprentice. He borrowed books from booksellers’ apprentices and used to read at nights so that he could return them the following morning. When a wealthy tradesman Adams by name invited Benjamin to his library, the boy showed interest in poetry and attempted to write his own ballads. In the autobiography Franklin called his earlier verses â€Å"wretched stuff† (15) and explained that he preferred to master his writing skills in prose. Benjamin wrote a few letters to his friend to share some thoughts on women’s abilities for study, and the senior Franklin happened to read those letters. He praised the son for â€Å"correct spelling and pointing† but criticized for the flaws regarding â€Å"elegance of expression, †¦ method and †¦ perspicuity† (Franklin 16). The younger Franklin decided to train himself by imitating the style of the Spectator magazine that focused on political and current events and by turning some tales into poems. Thus Benjamin made a progress in expanding his vocabulary and arranging his thoughts in the better structured phrases. Finally the future ‘Founding Father† of the United States became satisfied with the results of his efforts: By comparing my work afterwards with the original, I discovered many faults and amended them; but I sometimes had the pleasure of fancying that, in certain particulars of small import, I had been lucky enough to improve the method or the language, and this encouraged me to think I might possibly in time come to be a tolerable English writer, of which I was extremely ambitious. (Franklin 17) Around the same period Franklin studied arithmetic and navigation. By attentively reading Xenophon’s â€Å"Memorable Things of Socrates† he practiced in the Socratic method of conducting disputes and refined his grammar. Benjamin aimed at â€Å"expressing myself in terms of modest diffidence† (Franklin 18) in his writings so that the argumentation contained both pros and contras related to the main thesis. At that time the perspective political theorist and polemicist designed an original concept of a good and authentic manner of writing. In his autobiography, Franklin emphasized that knowledge brought power to an educated man. Literate people could use their aptitude in eloquence and writing to persuade people into the things that would otherwise have been neglected or labeled as wrong. Since the scholar believed that â€Å"the chief ends of conversation are to inform or to be informed, to please or to persuade†, he warned the men of letters against the whim of â€Å"express[ing] [themselves] as firmly fix’d in [their] present opinions† in â€Å"a positive and dogmatical manner† (Franklin 19). He suggested instead analyzing the issues under research in a critical and modest manner so that audiences were stimulated to think independently and freely without prejudices and cliches. It should be noticed that despite different manners of acquiring knowledge, Douglass and Franklin learnt similar lessons from their earlier exercises in reading and writing. Douglass observed that in a course of studies he started contemplating about human rights and the abnormal distribution of power between the master and the slave. On the one hand, as the author recalled, reading was a blessing because it enabled him to get the better command of the train of thoughts. On the other hand, however, it appeared to be a curse since it â€Å"had given [him] a view of [his] wretched condition, without the remedy† and â€Å"opened [his] eyes to the horrible pit, but to no ladder upon which to get out† (Douglass 42). It became evident to the boy that knowledge by itself could not ensure a person’s happiness and well-being and had to be supplied by civic acts. In his turn, Franklin arrived at the strong conviction that â€Å"truth, sincerity and integrity in dealings between man and man were of the utmost importance to the felicity of life† (58). He had the enough independent mind to understand that †¦ certain actions might not be bad because they were forbidden by [Revelation], or good because it commanded them, yet probably these actions might be forbidden because they were bad for us, or commanded because they were beneficial to us, in their own natures, all the circumstances of things considered. (ibid. ) In other words, Franklin opposed the social structure as based on traditions and rigid rules which were imposed by the elite on the rest of citizens. Later those thoughts made the author of â€Å"Autobiography† to fight against any immorality or injustice caused by rich whites to people of another skin color. Douglass and Franklin displayed similar manners of life-long self-education and educating other people, although the results of those efforts for the each were different. Douglass became enough skillful in reading to teach other slaves to read the New Testament, and he was lucky to do that at a Sabbath school on Mr. Freeman’s plantation (the man who hired Douglass from his master). Over forty slaves had been attending lessons for about half a year. Freeman did not object to Douglass’ initiative but other slave-owners hated the very idea of Afro-Americans â€Å"behaving like intellectual, moral, and accountable beings† (Douglass 82). One Sunday a gang of whites attacked the pupils of the Sabbath school during their meeting and put a violent end to the enterprise. Franklin’s attempt to found a public subscription library ended more happily. In 1731, he and his colleagues from the Junto club created the Library Company of Philadelphia to engage people into reading. They sold the so-called â€Å"shares† to shareholders to buy books so that members borrowed them to their convenience. The goal Franklin et al. pursued was very noble: These libraries have improved the general conversation of the Americans, made the common tradesmen and farmers as intelligent as most gentlemen from other countries, and perhaps have contributed in some degree to the stand so generally made throughout the colonies in defense of their privileges. (70) In a course of time, another three public libraries emerged, thus forming a strong educational network in the United States of the 18th century. The foundation of the library provided Franklin with more opportunities to immerse into â€Å"constant study, for which [he] set apart an hour or two each day, and thus repair’d in some degree the loss of the learned education† (79). As it is evident from researching Franklin’s autobiography, this prominent scholar possessed a skill of self-discipline and high self-organization. At the age of 27, this man of knowledge started learning French, Italian, and Spanish. He did it in a peculiar manner: one of Franklin’s friends often tempted him into playing chess, which game Benjamin was fond of. The scholar agreed to do it on the following condition: †¦ the victor in every game should have a right to impose a task, either in parts of the grammar to be got by heart, or in translations, etc. , which tasks the vanquish’d was to perform upon honour, before our next meeting. As we play’d pretty equally, we thus beat one another into that language. (Franklin 99) His own linguistic experience gave Franklin the right to criticize the traditional approach to teaching foreign languages specifically and education in general. I would †¦ offer it to the consideration of those who superintend the education of our youth, whether, since many of those who begin with the Latin quit the same after spending some years without having made any great proficiency, and what they have learnt becomes almost useless, so that their time has been lost, it would not have been better to have begun with the French, proceeding to the Italian, etc. ; for, tho’, after spending the same time, they should quit the study of languages and never arrive at the Latin, they would, however, have acquired another tongue or two, that, being in modern use, might be serviceable to them in common life. (Franklin 100) As the abovementioned passage demonstrates, Franklin valued systematic education for its utility in everyday life. In his perception, knowledge was not only a collection of abstract truths about world order or human morals and ethics but also a very important tool in communication and career promotion. To summarize, education and knowledge were highly appraised by both Douglass and Franklin as it was evident from their writings. It is especially interesting that the men of the so different backgrounds arrived at the same conclusions despite living in different periods of the United States history. Franklin was one of the brightest minds of the 18th century when the country liberated itself from the British rule, and the American nation proclaimed its independence. Douglass belonged to the next age when the United States society became segregated by race, sex, and the issue of origin. Franklin represented the most literate and progressively thinking members of the privileged class which exercised power over poorer classes and people of the races other than White Caucasian. Douglass was the son of the degraded and oppressed folk of Afro-Americans who were formally liberated only upon the end of the Civil War. But, however different were the experiences of these two prominent figures of the United States history, both of them praised knowledge and education as efficient means of destroying inequality, ignorance, prejudice and rigidity of thinking. Both of them emphasized that education liberated the mind and soul from primitivism and barbarism. Both used every opportunity to acquire novel information that would widen their mental horizons and inspire other people to follow the path of knowledge. Douglass â€Å"Narrative of a Life† and Franklin’s â€Å"Autobiography† provide us with vivid and interesting-to-read examples of how human beings could refine themselves and society by being perseverant and enthusiastic in learning. Works Cited Douglass, Frederick. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass: An American Slave. Charlottesville, Va. : University of Virginia Library, 1996. Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Charlottesville, Va. : University of Virginia Library, 1995. How to cite American Way, Papers

Supply Chain And Logistics Management †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Supply Chain And Logistics Management? Answer: Introducation DHL Express is German logistics giant and it provides international courier and parcel services (Dhl.co.in, 2017). A logistically linked system is used by DHL using two or more than transport methods with a single rate. The organisation follows mainly common handling characteristics that must be transferred between methods during movement. Transport management services are included procurement, strategic design, order management, track and trace, claims management and career management. Figure: Supply Network Identify and explain transportation choice HL Express has a special facility as they have an extensive road network across the globe and it has its own terminal. The transport of commodities needs high coordination and organisation among different modes of transport (Dekker et al., 2013). DHL mainly uses intermodal transportation. Intermodal transportation uses standardised containers in order to transport cargo on trucks, trains and ships. These containers are kept in rectangular boxes that are capable to shift in trailers. Intermodal can be described as the movement of cargo from the sources to the destination by using several transportation modes. Moreover, each of the transportation has different service providers and each has its own contract independently. Therefore, intermodal transport of supply chain has multiple carriers to be contracted in order to fulfil a single journey (Rushton, Croucher Baker, 2013). DHL intermodal tends to be rail and air segments, however, in between trucks are used frequently in order to connect them. These trucks are named as drayage' and these specialised trucks run between rail terminals and airports. These trucks are also run through inland shipping docks. First, a truck moves empty in order to load equipment and this equipment is loaded in the airport. These trucks then go to the railroad and this loaded equipment put into the trains (Christopher, 2016). The trains then go to destinations and the equipment is cleared off from the train. Then, the equipment is delivered by truck to the end customers. There are multiple parties involved in this system and each of the operation has independent contracts and each of the trucking system tries to meet customers expectations. DHL organisation organised the intermodal transport in its way with following the quantity and nature of the transported cargo. DHL mainly uses intermodal transport for finished goods and intermediate in load units. Moreover, sequencing the transportation modes is important as combination in transportation must follow the frequency of shipments. The process to increase the intermodal in its supply chains As stated by Craig, Blanco and Sheffi (2013), in the transport industry, the companies have various ways to move freight, however, ships, trucks and railroads are the backbones. DHL Express can increase the intermodality in transportation by following the first step to making rectangle containers and it makes helpful to ship items easily in trucks. DHL needs to establish goals and these should be in line with organisational objectives. DHL must research about the potential providers of transportation services and choose accordingly. In recent time, fuel cost is increasing and trucking can be used to connect line-haul' rail segments and airports of intermodal freight movement. Moreover, the trucking is facing the issues of the driver shortage and government regulations are another issue that is concerned with safety (Qu, Bekta? Bennell, 2016). In intermodal transport, the provision of service is based on one ticket (for passenger) and one bill of loading (for freight). DHL is going t o input Electronic Data Interchange that would help DHL to resolve the complex global transport process. In addition, DHL should leverage investment with technology and associated process in order to ensure a network of intermodality. DHL should contact with service providers and make clear about business requirements, scheduling, proof of delivery and en-route data. DHL can ask about the quality of transport, tight capacity and gravitate to the transport buyers. The intermodal network needs data integration from DHL and they should connect the pieces of the network in order to complete the work with consistency. Moreover, DHL makes the connection to service providers to the customers of the organisation; it is required to integrate data in both directions. The use of compartments demonstrates the complementarily between cargo transportation modes by offering a higher smoothness to developments and an institutionalisation of loads. The holder has considerably added to the selection and dispersion of multi-purpose transportation which has prompted significant transformations in the vehicle area (Woxenius, 2014). Through lessening of taking care of time, work expenses, and packing costs, compartment transportation permits impressive change in the productivity of transportation. Along these lines, the importance of holders isn't what they are - basic boxes - yet what they empower; intermodalism. Globalization couldn't have taken its present frame without containerisation. External and internal, both supply chain should be effective in order to make review lanes that DHL is going to use by trucks or rails. Shippers can determine in which direction and ways the trucks should be moving an opportunity to use intermodal cost saving. Lastly, DHL needs to develop lasting and strong relationship throughout the truck-based supply chain by using internet of things (IoT). Critically evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the new intermodal transportation choices Advantages: Intermodal transportation can influence the global economy by taking manipulative roles in goods management. Most importantly, DHL can get benefits to review the components of contract as intermodal transport allows making multiple contracts. In each contract, it is needed to review the reliability, schedule adherence, sustainability and punctuality of contract. DHL can have standard transport product and its dimension is ISO standard that must allow all vehicles. Management of DHL needs to standardise the dispatch process with working together consistently and efficiently. DHL can have more access to transit schedule and equipment and management can take the opportunity of reverse logistics. Intermodal transportation is reliable and it provides safety advantages. Flexibility of usage is another important factor in variety of goods ranging that can be transported. Freight intermodal transport provides benefits of saving the labour that takes responsibility in saving the time as well. Labours handle the trucks and goods from sources to destinations of the goods. DHL can use different types of containers in transportation like frozen goods, liquefied gases and mini containers for smaller trucks. Most importantly, truck transportation can provide help in carrying the heavy load in intermodal transport (Choong, Cole Kutanoglu, 2012). DHL uses mainly European roads and rail freight combined transports that provide advantages in efficient combination that optimises the lead times and reduce inventory costs. DHL can benefit to control the costs in different levels and it can reduce the carbon footprint of transportation. Different modes of transportations support environmental sustainability. Disadvantages: If roads through which the trucks pass are not good, the goods can get damaged. The items and goods can get damaged while sending through trucks as containers do not provide safety benefits. Most of the containers are old and they are not maintained properly. In order to maintain the damage, the cost can be increased. Truck transportation can delay the overall intermodal supply chain as DHLs trucks use congested areas. Labours can ask for demands and logistics process can get delayed. Intermodal transport can enhance the time spent in waiting for the new carrier to arrive and trucks to be unloaded (Arnold, Peeters Thomas, 2014). Different modes of transport require different materials and contracts in intermodal transport. Some of the trucks need refrigeration, chemical and larger loads, so the cost gets higher. Using diagram to illustrate warehouse floor plans and product movement Warehouse management should be good in order to provide best services to the customers. In each of the warehouses, Amazon keeps at least 10 thousand items and these can be delivered within an hour (Amazon.com, 2017). Amazon keeps these products in shelves and these shelves are organised. Sometimes, Amazons items are randomly stocked on purpose. Figure: Floor plan layout of warehouse Describe and examine the warehouse management Amazon typically uses storage type of warehousing. There are mainly five types of storage, pallet racking, shelving, mobile shelving, multi-tier racking and mezzanine flooring (Mulcahy, 2014). Amazon uses mainly shelving types of warehousing and this type is self-explanatory. These are mainly static shelves rather than mobile pallets. Shelving gives the help in tracking the products easily and it gives the opportunity to access quickly. Anything that is heavy and that is light can be kept in different places. Amazon mainly uses two types of shelving, first one is short span shelving and another one is long span shelving. Amazon mainly uses a warehouse in the US that is more than 10,000 square feet. Typical warehouses keep the similar products together and Amazon does the same. Amazon uses the technology of Warehouse Management System (WMS) technology in managing warehouse with RFID technology (Radio Frequency Identification). WMS is a software application that is used for distribution. RFID uses to track the product tags through electromagnetic fields (Harmon, 2013). Amazon stores raw materials of products such as chemicals, food grains and minerals in the warehouse. Sometimes, Amazon also stores MRO inventory like large machines in the warehouse. Amazon mainly stores finished products and merchandises that are going to be shifted. Identify the companys strategic and operational factors Amazon provides delivery within just one hour of the orders in Prime Now services and it offers in 28 chosen cities in the US. Location of the warehouses mainly keeps near the airports and shipping dock. Physical locations of warehouses keep near the urban section and this place should have lease considerations. Amazon keeps their warehouses where labour forces are available. Cost of warehousing is high for Amazon as storage cost is incurred with this and it is related to the operations administrations (Aikens, 2015). Amazons warehouses are large and they are of 10,000 square feet. The capacity of warehouses is depended mainly set up of shelves for Amazon. All shelves are designed with 50*45*75; the theoretical capacity of warehouses would be 1000 shelves 82 cubic feet. There are more than 1000 shelves in Amazon warehouse. Service level is related to the expected probability of not hitting a stock out. Amazon daily sets the percentage to compute the safety stock (Staudt et al., 2015). Communication in a warehouse of Amazon mostly depended on mobile devices, VoIP calls help to communicate in warehouses. Communications are made to fulfil the order. Mobile device based system of MAS 90 is used in Amazon to communicate. Amazon uses WMS software based database in order to account stock movement through picking procedures and dock arrival times. Propose different order picking principles to suit the companys strategic and operational factors Amazon can use simple storage assignment strategy that is based on storage locations. Amazon can store better products in better locations and that would help in order picking system. Golden Zone concept tells that products must be kept in direct front of order picker and it is better than bend down to reach (Ivanov, Pavlov Sokolov, 2014). If one product is repeatedly needed, it is logical to keep the product near. Critically evaluate how the proposed order picking principles link Inventory types: Storage-based strategy would be helpful for Amazon warehouse as Amazon deals with finished goods. Amazon just delivers the finished goods to the customers. Golden zone concept would be applicable to Amazon as Amazon employees need to pick each item when delivery is needed (Jahre et al., 2014). Ergonomic consideration of the employees is forefront in picking the products in Amazon. Finished goods are kept in shelves of Amazon warehouse, if the goods are kept in direct front of the employees, it would be easier to the employees to access these. Utilisation space Amazon uses small containers in the warehouse that gives the opportunity to use extra space in the warehouse. The items are stored in shelves and containers are small, that give extra space to the employees to work. The employees put the products if the products are not packaged before they are stored in shelves. Golden zone strategy will maximise the warehouse space utilisation through using more labourers in the warehouse. If the products required the small place, it should not be placed in best' location just because it requires small space. Transit space can be used in terms of keeping the products for short time. Stock movement Employees of Amazon warehouse are responsible for the movement of the stock and goods. Management needs to establish operating stocks based on a rate of usage. Stock levels can be rechecked. The employees must ensure monthly stock in the warehouse. In assigning the products in each month and week, storage location must be good and easy to pick. Shelf dimension must be spacious and it would give a benefit of stock movement and it would help to keep monthly stock usage report. If the storage of the items is good then, in warehouses of Amazon, RFID technology is most used and in previous time barcode technology was used. RFID solutions help to identify the products even it is far from the warehouse and electromagnetic field helps to us in easier, faster and cost-effective manner. Amazon is one step further in picking the technology and they are using Augmented Reality Picking. Employees use glass and it gives benefit to identify the products with tags. Amazon also uses RF handheld scanners with ERP system enabled to scan the product to have most important information about products (Hbner, Holzapfel Kuhn, 2015). Location of picking Amazon uses Cube Matching technique that is helpful in storage the location. Location of picking is most important as it is related to the ergonomic consideration of the employees. Better location helps to employees in ergonomic access. The products can be stored in pick face of the employees that would give the advantage to pick the products smoothly. Reference List Arnold, P., Peeters, D., Thomas, I. (2014). 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